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State System of Russia

Russia is a parliamentary republic. Head of State in this country is the President. The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The President controls each of them.

The legislative power is exercised by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers: the Council of Federation and the State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. A bill may be introduced in any chamber. A bill becomes a law if it is approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill. He can make international treaties. The President may also appoint ministers; the Federal Assembly approves them. The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by the people for four years.

The executive power belongs to the Government, or the Cabinet of Ministers. The government is headed by the Prime Minister.

The judicial power belongs to the system of courts. It consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and other courts.

The national symbol of Russia is a white-blue-and-red banner. The hymn of Russia is «The Patriotic Song» by M. Glinka.

Topical Vocabulary

- a parliamentary republic

парламентская республика

Head of State

глава государства

the President

президент

to consist of smth.

состоять из чего-либо

a branch

власть (как часть правительства)

legislative

законодательный

executive

исполнительный

judicial

судебный

to control smth.

контролировать что-либо

- to be exercised by

осуществляться (кем-либо, чем- либо)

the Federal Assembly

Федеральное собрание

a chamber

палата

the Council of Federation

Совет Федерации

the State Duma

Государственная дума

to be headed by smb.

возглавляться кем-либо

the Speaker

спикер

to introduce a bill

внести законопроект

to become a law

стать законом

to be approved by smb.

быть одобренным кем-либо

to be signed by smb.

быть подписанным кем-либо

to veto a bill

вето на законопроект

to make an international treaty

заключить международный договор

to appoint a minister

назначить министра

to be elected by the people

избираться народом

- to belong to smb., smth.

принадлежать кому-либо, чему-либо

the Cabinet of Ministers

кабинет министров

the Prime Minister

премьер-министр

- a system of courts

система судов

the Constitutional Court

Конституционный суд

the Supreme Court

Верховный суд

a banner

знамя

a hymn

гимн

Answer the questions:

1. What branches does the Government consist of?
   
2. What is the legislative power exercised by?
   
3. How is a law made?
   
4. What body does the executive power belong to?
   
5. What does the system of courts consist of?
   
6. What are the national symbols of Russia?
   

Translate into English:

1. Глава парламентской республики России - президент.
   
2. Законопроект становится законом, если президент не наложит на него вето.
   
3. Законопроект должен быть одобрен обеими палатами и подписан президентом.
   
4. Исполнительную власть представляет кабинет министров, возглавляемый премьер-министром.
   
5. Судебная власть осуществляется Конституционным судом, Верховным судом и другими судами.
   

Причастия. Виды причастий. Participle I, II

THERE IS / THERE ARE [визуально и просто]

Типы вопросов в английском языке.

The Seven Wonders of the World

  I .    Read the text.

                                  The Seven Wonders of the World

Of the seven celebrated creations of the ancient world known as The Seven Wonders of the World only the pyramids have survived.

In the 6th century B.C. Nebuchadnezzar [,nebjukəd'nezə] the king of Babylon, ordered to build beautiful gardens on the roof of his palace. These were the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They rose terrace upon terrace to a height of 64 metres and covered an area of 1,5 hectares. All sorts of trees and flowers were planted there. According to the story, these wonderful gardens were laid out to please a queen who came from a hilly country.

Next comes the statue of Zeus [zju:s], which was made by the famous sculptor Phidias

['fidiəs] for the temple in Olympia. Zeus - a gigantic figure, seven times lifesize - was seated on a golden throne decorated with precious stones. The fate of it is unknown.

The temple of Artemis ['a:timis] was erected in Ephesus ['efisis], a city in Asia Minor.

According to a legend, in 356 B.C. the temple was set on fire by Herostratus [hi'rɔstrətəs], who sought thereby to become famous. Some years later it was rebuilt. The new temple was all of white marble and filled with statues and works of art. Its columns were 20 metres in height, its length was 135 metres and its width 70 metres. It was destroyed by the Goths in the middle of the 3rd century A.D.

One of the Wonders has supplied by a widow's tender thought of her husband. Upon the

death of king Mausolos [mə'sɔ:les], who had reigned over a small ancient state in Asia

Minor, his queen ordered to erect a beautiful tomb known as the Mausoleum [,mɔ:səliəm]. It was 50 metres high and its pyramid-like top was surmounted by gigantic statues of Mausolos and his queen. At the beginning of the 15th century it was destroyed by the Crusaders.

The Colossus of Rhodes [roudz] had a short and inglorious history. A bronze statue of

the Greek sun god Helios ['hi:liəs] of about 35 metres in height, it was set up in 260 B.C. at the entrance to the harbour of Rhodes. Sixty years later it was overthrown by an earthquake.

The last of the Wonders was the Pharos ['fɛərəs] - the lighthouse of Alexandria

[,жlig'za:ndriə]. It was built late in the third century B.C. on the island of Pharos at the entrance to the harbour of Alexandria. For years the flames on its top guided the ships safely into the harbour of Alexandria. It was destroyed in an earthquak

II. Преобразуйте утвердительные предложения в отрицательные и  поставьте 5 вопросов  к предложениям.

1. We are enjoying the party.

2. He will be playing chess in an hour.

3. They were planting flowers in the garden last May

III.

1. Поставьте глагол в форму Present Continuous, Past Continuous или Future Continuous.

to shine

1. The sun … yesterday morning.
2. The sun … brightly now.
3. Tomorrow the sun … all day long.

to write

4. I … a postcard at the moment.
5. I … a postcard when you phoned.
6. I … a lot of Christmas cards tomorrow evening.

to sit

7. We … in the garden at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
8. This time tomorrow we … in the garden.
9. We … in the garden now.

 

2. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в форме Present Continuous, Past Continuous или Future Continuous.

1. I … (study) Japanese online from 5 till 6 tomorrow evening.
2. Listen! Why the dogs … (bark)?
3. She … (wear) a yellow coat when I saw her.
4. They … (take) their driving test next Monday.
5. I dropped my wallet when I … (get) on the bus.
6. What you … (do) in my office yesterday?
7. Bob … (feel) much better today.
8. The kids … (watch) cartoons in their room now.
9. I’m afraid she … (sleep) in ten minutes.
10. We … (have) tea soon?